BIOMECHANICS

AIM

Objective of the course is to enable students to Objective of the course is to enable students to; • understand the role of biomechanics in engineering and science, • recognize the principles of mechanics to analyze the mechanical behavior of the biological systems, • develop solutions to analyze the motion of the biomechanical systems by using relevant concepts in calculus and laws of physics, • simulate and analyze various biomechanical models based on the analogies between the mechanical elements and human body parts. • develop skills for analyzing, interpreting and presenting biomechanical models by using computational tools.

CONTENT

This course contains; Introduction to Biomechanics, Application of Biomechanics, Fundamentals of Biomechanics, Force Vectors,Force System Resultants, Moment of a Force about a Specified Axis, Moment of a Couple, Force Types, Pressure, Equilibrium of a Particle, The Free Body Diagram, Statics: Newton’s Law, Equilibrium Equations, Constraints and Reactions, Support Structures,Distributed Loading, Equilibrium of a Rigid Body, Support Reactions, Equations of Equilibrium, Two-Force Members,Three-Force Members, 3D Free-Body Diagrams, Equilibrium Equations, Constraints and Statical Determinacy ,Applications of Statics to Biomechanics (Mechanics of the Elbow, Mechanics of the Shoulder, Mechanics of the Spinal Column, Mechanics of the Hip, Mechanics of the Knee),Applications of Statics to Biomechanics (Mechanics of the Spinal Column, Mechanics of the Hip, Mechanics of the Knee),Internal Forces and Moments: Axial Force, Shear Force, Bending, Torsion Moment,Shear and Moment Equations and Diagrams, Application in Biomechanics,Characteristics of Dry Friction & Problems Involving Dry Friction,Center of Gravity, Center of Mass and Centroid of a Body, Definition of Moments of Inertia for Areas,Parallel-axis Theorem, Radius of Gyration & Moment of Inertia for Composite Areas,Product of Inertia for an Area, Moments of Inertia for an Area about Inclined Axes, Mohr’s Circle for Moments of Inertia, Mass Moment of Inertia,Definition of Work, Principle of Virtual Work, Principle of Virtual Work for a System Connected Rigid Bodies,Conservative Forces, Potential Energy, Potential-Energy Criterion for Equilibrium, Stability of Equilibrium Configuration.

1. 1

   2. Use fundamental principles of mechanics to analyze biomechanical systems, such as the human musculoskeletal system.

   Taught by: Problem Solving Method, Question - Answer Technique, Simulation Technique, Lecture Method · Assessed by: Traditional Written Exam, Homework, Project Task

2. 2

   3. Obtain the internal shear force and bending moment and express them in the shear-moment diagrams at a specific point.

   Taught by: Problem Solving Method, Question - Answer Technique, Simulation Technique, Lecture Method · Assessed by: Traditional Written Exam, Homework, Project Task

3. 3

   4. Analyzes the effect of static and dynamic friction force acting on two interacting objects.

   Taught by: Problem Solving Method, Question - Answer Technique, Simulation Technique, Lecture Method · Assessed by: Traditional Written Exam, Homework, Project Task

4. 4

   5. Recognize the concept of centre of gravity, mass and geometric centre, the moment of inertia and mass moment of inertia of a composite body or an object, virtual work model, and apply it in a biomechanical model.

   Taught by: Problem Solving Method, Question - Answer Technique, Simulation Technique, Lecture Method · Assessed by: Traditional Written Exam, Homework, Project Task

5. 5

   6. Analyzes and simulates a biomechanical model under static conditions using technical skills such as MATLAB / Simulink, C++, and CAD simulation environment.

   Taught by: Problem Solving Method, Question - Answer Technique, Simulation Technique, Lecture Method · Assessed by: Traditional Written Exam, Homework, Project Task

6. 6

   1. Perform modelling of an object under static conditions and applies it in the field of biomechanics.

   Taught by: Problem Solving Method, Question - Answer Technique, Simulation Technique, Lecture Method · Assessed by: Traditional Written Exam, Homework, Project Task

WEEKLY PLAN

1. WEEK 1

   Introduction to Biomechanics, Application of Biomechanics, Fundamentals of Biomechanics, Force Vectors

   Preparation: Course presentation

2. WEEK 2

   Force System Resultants, Moment of a Force about a Specified Axis, Moment of a Couple, Force Types, Pressure, Equilibrium of a Particle, The Free Body Diagram, Statics: Newton’s Law, Equilibrium Equations, Constraints and Reactions, Support Structures

   Preparation: Course presentation

3. WEEK 3

   Distributed Loading, Equilibrium of a Rigid Body, Support Reactions, Equations of Equilibrium, Two-Force Members

   Preparation: Course presentation

4. WEEK 4

   Three-Force Members, 3D Free-Body Diagrams, Equilibrium Equations, Constraints and Statical Determinacy

   Preparation: Course presentation

5. WEEK 5

   Applications of Statics to Biomechanics (Mechanics of the Elbow, Mechanics of the Shoulder, Mechanics of the Spinal Column, Mechanics of the Hip, Mechanics of the Knee)

   Preparation: Course presentation

6. WEEK 6

   Applications of Statics to Biomechanics (Mechanics of the Spinal Column, Mechanics of the Hip, Mechanics of the Knee)

   Preparation: Course presentation

7. WEEK 7

   Internal Forces and Moments: Axial Force, Shear Force, Bending, Torsion Moment

   Preparation: Course presentation

8. WEEK 8

   Shear and Moment Equations and Diagrams, Application in Biomechanics

   Preparation: Course presentation

9. WEEK 9

   Characteristics of Dry Friction & Problems Involving Dry Friction

   Preparation: Course presentation

10. WEEK 10

    Center of Gravity, Center of Mass and Centroid of a Body, Definition of Moments of Inertia for Areas

    Preparation: Course presentation

11. WEEK 11

    Parallel-axis Theorem, Radius of Gyration & Moment of Inertia for Composite Areas

    Preparation: Course presentation

12. WEEK 12

    Product of Inertia for an Area, Moments of Inertia for an Area about Inclined Axes, Mohr’s Circle for Moments of Inertia, Mass Moment of Inertia

    Preparation: Course presentation

13. WEEK 13

    Definition of Work, Principle of Virtual Work, Principle of Virtual Work for a System Connected Rigid Bodies

    Preparation: Course presentation

14. WEEK 14

    Conservative Forces, Potential Energy, Potential-Energy Criterion for Equilibrium, Stability of Equilibrium Configuration

    Preparation: Course presentation

ASSESSMENT

• Rate of Midterm Exam to Success30%
• Rate of Final Exam to Success70%

WORKLOAD

READING

• 1. Russell C. Hibbeler: Engineering Mechanics: Statics & Dynamics (14th Edition), Prentice Hall, 2016, ISBN-9780133915457. 2. N. Özkaya, D. Leger, D. Goldsheyder, M. Nordin: Fundamentals of Biomechanics: Equilibrium, Motion, and Deformation (4th Edition), Springer, 2016, ISBN-9783319447384.
• 1. Peter M. McGinniss: Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise (3th Edition), Human Kinetics, Champaign, 2013, ISBN-13: 9780736089104. 2. J. Hamill, K. Knutzen, T. Derrick: Biomechanical Basis of Human Movement (4th Edition), Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, 2014, ISBN-13:9781451177305. 3. John McLester, Peter St. Pierre: Applied Biomechanics: Concepts and Connections (1st Edition), 2008, ISBN-13: 9780495105862.

TEACHING STAFF

• Assist.Prof. Elif HOCAOĞLUCOORDINATOR
• Assist.Prof. Elif HOCAOĞLU